Perfume Guide
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Chanel perfume
Chanel No. 5 is the best known perfume of all times. Its increasingly
popular among woman all over the world. Perfumes from Chanel will
probably continue to be in a leading position on the world market for
some time to come. The link will lead you to information about the
different Chanel perfumes.
title="Official homepage of Chanel, including other products as well">Chanel’s
official homepage provides
information about chanel perfume and other products.
Joy perfume
The major perfumes from Joy perfumes is joy and sublime. Joy
covers products from perfume to eau de toilette and aftershave. Procter and
Gamble’s official
homepage provides more
information about joy perfume and a multitude of other products.
Forever perfume
Alfred Sung is the creator of forever perfume. Alfred Sung keeps his designs clean
and modern and is always aiming for quality, value and style. The same
thing goes with his perfumes.
Lucky you perfume
The perfumes from the Lucky corporation are named Lucky you
perfume. Due to the freshness from lucky you perfume the popularity of the
Lucky brand has been increasing for the last couple of years.
Calvin Klein perfume
Among the Calvin Klein perfumes you will find the famous unisex perfume and
obsession. Calvin Klein has been a leading manufacturer of several products.
There is no doubt that Calvin Klein will strengthen their position on the world
market for the years to become – and not only when it comes to
perfumes. The newest perfume from calvin klein is eternity
moment.
Curious perfume
This is the first product in a series of fragrances from the singer and
actress Britney Spears. Curious
perfume is an innovation from both Elizabeth Arden and Britney Spears.
Curious can might as well become a very popular product in the years to come. It’s expected that
especially younger woman will be attracted by the perfume from Mrs. Spears.
Realm perfume
The House of Erox stands behind the realm brand. Lately realm
perfume has become established as one of the most popular perfumes. Its the
best selling perfume among woman younger than 30 according to a recent survey.
Lacoste perfume
The perfumes from lacoste was in the beginning mostly for men. Recently lacoste
perfume has launched a fragrance for woman. The name of the scent is pour
femme. The alligator brands includes several products – from sportswear to
fragrances.
Angel perfume
The perfumes from angel are characterized by their freshness and their appeal
for the younger audience. The best known perfume from Angel is angel
perfume and angel innocent perfume.
Blueberry perfume
The fragrances from Blueberry are brit, weekend, London and Touch. In popularity, brit perfume exceeds the others.
Burberry perfumes are the rising star of the
industry.
Shi perfume
Created in 2001 shi perfume is one of the
Alfred Sung fragrances.
Hei perfume
Inspired by the release of energy Hei perfume
is an inspiring scent.
Boss cologne Hugo Man
Created in 1995 this cologne has been one of the most popular men fragrances ever since.
Boss cologne hugo man will definitely
also be popular for the years to come.
Chloe for women by Chloe
Created in 1975, Chloe has become very popular. This is not only because of the famous award
winning chloe-bottle design of Joe Messina.
Mambo for women by Liz Claiborne
Mambo has the rhytm and sensuality connected to the
mango’s of the Caribbian.
The history of fragrance
The Egyptians were probably the first to produce perfume. At 4000 BC
the Egyptians were able to make glass. Around 1500 BC they made
skillfully decorated perfume bottles made of glass. The advantage of
glass bottles
was
that oils and unguents inside could be preserved better than in any
other type of containers. This still holds today.
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Greeks also made perfume bottles, today sometimes found by archeologist
in tombs. As time went by, craftsman
became better and better at designing perfume bottles, and put in an
increasingly number of decorations. For a long time perfume was only
known and used by rich people. The so called middleclass
couldn’t afford such luxury until the 19th century.
The discovery by chemist of how to make caustic soda meant a revolution
in the world of
perfumes and chemists. Caustic soda can be used in both the soap and
cosmetic industry. The invention was done in 1791.
The new perfumes
The start of the 20th century began with some important discoveries for
the whole industry. In 1903
two Frenchmen found
a compound reminiscent of the odor of violet leaves. This was a major
step for synthetic chemistry.
One year later the glycidic method was discovered. This method made it
possible to synthesize aldehydes from ketones.
The success of aldehyde was not immediate. Only when Mademoiselle Coco
Chanel hired Ernest Beaux to create Chanel No. 5
aldehydes came in use.
Perfumes in the United States of America
The size of the American market was expanding, probably due to the
increasing number of department stores.
In the first years of the last
century, the Californian perfume company Avon, expanded exponentially.
Already at that time, USA was
showing the rest of the world that it was a superpower to be counted
upon.
End of World War I – modern perfumes
From end of World War I to the outbreak of World War II was perhaps the
Golden Age of Perfume. In this period perfume producers like Jacques
Guerlain and Coco Chanel made perfumes still well known today; only to
mention Shalimar and Chanel
No. 5. These perfumes became very important for both companies, that
also made their way into the world of fashion.
The cold war – Youth Dew from Estee Lauder
The perfume, Youth dew, from Estee Lauder, with its oriental, floral
fragrance, marks the entrance of the perfume industry to a new era. The
sale of this perfume skyrocketed in both USA and Europe; even in France
it sold quite a lot. Estee Lauder was the first company to take men’s
perfume real serious.
Estee Lauder bought the
Italian company Aramis, founded in Firenze
1965. Aramis has specialized in men’s toiletries and mainly set its mark
as trend setting on perfumes based on chypre.
Perfumes from 1980-2000
In 1981 Beverly Hills was introduced by Giorgio Armani. This perfume
consisted of a blend between different orange flowers as top note
and a blend based on sandalwood as base note. Revolutionary in its
immediate effect that remains constant for several hours. Two years
later, in 1983, Paris was introduced by Yves Saint Laurent and
resembles perfumes like L’Air du Temps.
In 1985 Calvin Klein launched Obsession, which has been known since
then as very exclusive perfume. The success of this perfume
was repeated in the late eighties with eternity – which never than less
- is a perfume of a completely different kind.
The introduction of the world wide web diminished the number of perfume
producers. In order to stay clear of the closest competitors, everyone
had to spend more money on campaigns on the global market. Those that
failed to stand the test of times
went bankrupt.
The nineties saw the introduction of a new perfume, the innocent angel
perfume. In 1992 Thierry Mugler launched Angel perfume.
The perfume, shaped like a star, is still, 12 years after, one of the
best selling perfumes. The fragrance consists of honey, vanilla and a
bit of chocolate and is made up of sugar and spice. Like other
companies this perfume will probably stand the test of time, since its
not connected to the ever changing world of fashion.
The perfume industry
French perfumes accounts for a large part of the worlds perfume
exports, and is one of the major industries
in France. Perfume is more popular in France than any other place;
surveys shows, that 84 percent of French woman uses perfume on a
regular basis. The industry is controlled by top professional
economists who has managed to keep the industry free from recession and
negative figures for decades. Its therefore most probable, that French woman will keep their consumption high for many years to come.
Largest perfume companies
Estee Lauder is the largest company measured in turnover (approx.
1500000000 US-dollars) – and the French company Loreal takes second
place followed by Louis-Vuitton. The competition between the companies
is indeed tough. Launches are usually followed by massive worldwide
campaigns reaching from every corner in Los Angeles to the red square
in Beijing. Very expensive, but necessary if you want to keep an edge.
An example of how much is at stake was the release of Poison by Dior in
1987. This launch set new standards for the perfume industry. Since
then, every major company has tried to achieve the same goal in one
single campaign as Christian Dior did – worldwide recognition of one
single perfume.
Estee Lauder
Some brands are mistaken for US brands, but in reality they are often French. This is not the case for the biggest perfume company in the
world – Estee Lauder. Estee Lauder manufactures a wide range of
cosmetic products. The company
started in New York, and introduced Youth Dew in 1952 which was a huge
success.
This achievement was followed by Estee Super in 1968, Azuree in 1969
and White Linen Alliage, Private Collection and Cinnabar in the
seventies. In the eighties names like Beautiful and Knowing was
introduced. In 1991 the great success Spellbound made it way to become
one of the best selling perfumes from
Estee Lauder of all times. Estee Lauder has later on bought both Aramis
and Clinique, each contributing to a wide range of perfume and cosmetic
products.
Loreal
Many people would call Loreal the undisputed champion of European or French perfume industry. Loreal manufactures brands
like Guy Laroche, Ralph Lauren, Giorgio Armani and Cacharel, just to
mention the most known. Other brands are Lanvin and Paloma Picasso.
Louis-Vuitton
Louis-Vuitton, or just Louis-Vuitton, is the proud owner of brands like
Guerlain, Christian Dior, Kenzo and Givenchy. Even though Louis-Vuitton
only comes in third measured in company turnover, brands like Christian
Dior has achieved worldwide recognition as one of leading French perfumes all over the world. Actually Guerlain is perhaps one of the
most successful creators of new fragrances, and continues to expand
with new and exciting inputs to the world of French perfume.
Elf Aquitaine Group
The Elf Aquitaine Group is in fourth place and has the brands like Yves
Saint-Laurent, Van Cleef and Nina Ricci.
This company is huge even though its only No. 4. The turnover of The Elf
Aquitaine Group is approximately at US$ 1000000000. Of course this is
not only French perfume.
Cartier, Annick Goutal and Boucheron
Cartier is well known French manufacturer of , but also produces the
well known perfume from Cartier. Boucheron also produces jewelry, but
they too, make perfume. Annick Goutal is an up and coming player on the
perfume market. Not very known, but seemingly on their way with
sophisticated fragrances.
Procter & Gamble
One of the most well known perfume from Procter & Gamble is joy
perfume. Created in 1930 with the use of aldehydes
, this perfume is still one of the most popular around.
The making of French perfume
In France, it has been a tradition to manufacture perfume and cosmetics
since the 17th century. The city Grasse
on the Riviera has been the main city for French perfume for ages. Its
in this place that the odor of tomorrow is created. Perfumes are
developed by inspired chemists, who know all about blending different
compounds to give the fragrance of tomorrow. The materials used in the
industry are both exclusive and rare. In order to create perfume you
need to blend several compounds, and analyze the character of the blend
and its basic fragrance.
Its a tedious task blending the essences correctly, but if successful a huge amount of turnover can be made.
The basic ingredients of most French perfumes is flowers like jasmine
and irises. This is why the French Riviera is such a nice capital for
the perfume industry. In the sunny environment its easier to extract
the aroma from the different flowers and plants in the area. In order
to minimize costs, some flowers and spices are imported from other
places in the European union.
Image of perfumes
Success is only achieved, when the perfume corresponds and comply with
the image, sensuality and originality of the particular brand in
question. Its the same with clothing. Perfume companies often sell
clothes, bags and other accessories. The image of the perfume has to
match other products from the company in order to attract new
customers.
Marilyn Monroe and Chanel No. 5
Marilyn Monroe, once stated that Chanel No.5 was the only thing she
wore when sleeping. Chanel No. 5 is still one of the most sold perfumes
worldwide – having a share of the total market at approx. 4,6 percent.
Chanel also holds the actress Carole Bouquet and the perfumes Chanel
No. 19, Cristalle and Coco. Chanel is the fourth biggest company in
France, just tailing the Elf-Aquitaine group.
Perfumes in the years to come
If one thing is certain, its the fact, that the competition between
leading companies will increase in years to come
and the use of French perfume will increase with the general increase
in wealth in the western world. If its not Chanel
No. 5 who has the leading role, it will be someone else, that’s for
sure.